NREMTP Review-Jabari T. 🚑🚒🚼 neonate/medical
Neonatal Apnea
Primary Apnea
They are NOT breathing on delivery, but after o2 or PPV, they start breathing on their own
Secondary Apnea
The neonate continues to not breathe despite PPV and stimulation
Neonatal Bradycardia
HR less than 100 bpm
Most common cause=Hypoxia
HR less than 60 bpm=Chest Compressions
Bicarbonate (Electrolyte)
Made naturally in the kidneys
It takes the kidneys hours to days to make more Bicarbonate
Neutralizes & Buffers acid
Increasing the Ph level
Only given for Metabolic Acidosis
Meconium
A neonates 1st bowel movement
Normally, this should occur within the first 24 hrs. after birth
2 Types
Meconium Staining
The baby had a BM in utero, and the feces are staining their skin and Mom's amniotic fluid
Meconium Aspiration
When the baby has a BM, then inhales the feces into the lungs
cause severe RDS, can lead to respiratory failure, sepsis
Aspiration
When fluid, a substance, or food is inhaled all the down to the alveoli
Neonatal resuscitation
Dry the infant
warm them
Stimulate
Blow by O2
PPV
Blood Types
ABO Compatibility
The + or - on a blood type is known as the Rh Factor
A+
A-
B+
B-
O+
O- (Universal Donor)
AB + (Universal recipient)
AB-
Rh Incompatibility (Sensitization)
This occurs when the baby has a + Rh, but Mom has a -Rh
Baby is NOT in any danger, Mom is!!!!!
Mom is NOT in immediate danger
If Mom decides to get pregnant again in the future, those antibodies will attack her and the baby on the next pregnancy
To prevent this mom immediately needs RHOGAM!!!!!
Meninges
The coverings of both the brain and spinal cord
Airborne Diseases (Gloves, Eye protection, N95
Remember MTV
Measles
T.B
Varicella (Chicken Pox & Shingles)-herpes zoster virus
Meningitis
Infection of the meninges, that causes the meninges to swell, leading to severe increased ICP and ultimately septic shock
Bacterial (Most dangerous) & Viral meningitis
HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS!!!!
Droplet Precautions
PPE-Gloves, Eye protection, Surgical Mask
Symptoms
Nuchal Rigidity
Fever
Photophobia
Tachycardia
+ Brudzinski sign
+ Kernig Sign
petechaie rash
signs of ICP
Seizures
Varicella
Chickenpox, as it is commonly referred to outside of the medical community, also presents with
intense itching (pruritis)
respiratory symptoms,
malaise
low-grade fever, as well as
rash--small red spots, then
raised blisters fluid-filled vesicles that dry into scabs.
En=Inside
Cephalo=Brain/Head
Wernicke's Encephalopathy
Seen in malnutrition, alcoholics, and abdominal/GI post-surgical pts.
Patho-Deficiency in Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
We do not naturally produce thiamine
We get it from food and nutrition
Thiamine is needed to support brain and neurological functions
Classic Triad of Symptoms
AMS
Ocular Nystagmus
Ataxic Gait
Paramedic Treatment
100 mg of Thiamine
1 amp of D50W
Atrovent (Ipratropium)
Anticholinergic=It dries up thick mucus in the bronchioles
Gout
occurs most often in men
An accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints of the big toe and knees
caused by a diet high in purines (Alcohol, aged meat, chesses, wine, chocolate, seafood)
"Rich man's Disease
Severe PAIN!!!!!! Any amount of touch is excruciating
Erythema (Redness & swelling) to the big toe
Decreased movement