NREMT Review-Jacob 🚑 "Pharmacology/Medical"
Pharmacology (EMT Medications)
Albuterol
Nitroglycerin
Epinephrine
Naloxone
Activated Charcoal
Aspirin
Oral Glucose
Oxygen
How to study Pharmacology
Classification
Indication for use (When are we going to give this drug)
MOA-Mechanism of action (How does the drug work)
Contraindications (When can you NOT give it)
Adverse effects
Albuterol
Class-Bronchodilator, Beta agonist, Sympathomimetic
Indications
Wheezing & Rhonchi (Asthma, COPD, Chronic Bronchitis, Allergic reactions, anaphylaxis, Drowning)
MOA
It relaxes the smooth muscle in the bronchioles, causing them to dilate
Contraindications
Use caution w/ heart disease and if the pt. already has a high HR
Allergy
Adverse effects/Side effects
Tachycardia
Nervousness
Tremors
HTN
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Nitroglycerin
Classification-Vasodilator & Nitrate
Indications
CP of cardiac origin
Myocardial Infarction
Stable angina
Unstable angina
MOA
Relaxes smooth muscle in the vessels, both veins and arteries, causing vasodilation
Contraindications
SBP less than 100 mmhg
Allergy
Males who take E.D meds within 48 hrs
Adverse effects/Side effects
Hypotension
Dizziness
Headache
Tachycardia
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Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Class-Sympathomimetic
Indications
Cardiac Arrest
Anaphylaxis
MOA
Causes vasoconstriction-to increase the BP
Causes bronchodilation-opens up the bronchioles
Positive chronotropic effect-Increases the HR
Positive inotropic effect-strengthen the heart
Contraindications
None
Side effects
tachycardia
Palpitations
Nervousness
shaking
HTN
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Naloxone (Narcan)
Class-Opioid Antagonist
Indications
Opioid overdose
MOA
Attaches to and blocks the opioid receptors in the brain
Contraindications
None
Adverse effects/Side effects
N/V
Severe vomiting
Combative or violent behavior
Tachycardia
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Activated Charcoal
Class-Absorbent
Indications
The ingestion must have occurred within 1 hr
Poisonings and medication Overdose (Not opioids)
MOA
It binds to the substance, preventing the absorption into the intestines and then to the bloodstream
Contraindications
ALOC or confusion
Active vomiting
>1 hour of ingestion
Caustic substances
Acids
Alcohol
Side effects
Vomiting
Discoloration of the teeth
Dark stools
Abdominal pain
Nervous System
3 parts of the N.S
CNS-Central N.S
PNS-Peripheral N.S
ANS-Autonomic N.S
CNS-Central N.S
Brain
Spinal cord
PNS-Peripheral N.S
Cranial nerves
Spinal Nerves
ANS-Autonomic N.S
Sympathetic N.S-Fight or Flight
neurotransmitters-Epi, nor-epi, dopamine
tachycardia
tachypnea
HTN-vasoconstriction
Bronchodilation
pupils dilate
Characteristics of the heart
Inotropy-refers to the strength of the heart's contraction (pump)
Chronotropy-refers to the HR, the speed of the heart